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Force of Gravitz

Alisa Gravitz, director of Co-op America, answers readers' questions


22 Sep 2006
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Alisa Gravitz.
Alisa Gravitz, Co-op America.
question What is the most effective method you've found to show others that living "green" and sustainably is not only good for the world and its inhabitants, but economically feasible as well?    -- Chris Rizzuto, Altamont, N.Y.

answer The secret to saving money by going green is to think in categories, not in pieces. Piece thinking would be, "This organic-cotton, made-in-the-U.S.A., not-made-in-a-sweatshop T-shirt is more expensive than a T-shirt I could buy at Wal-Mart." Category thinking is deciding to make your clothing purchases green (eco-fabrics) and fair (no sweatshops/child labor).

Think about it this way: The eco-friendly clothing is high quality. That organic cotton T-shirt will last for 10 years; the Wal-Mart T-shirt will tatter much sooner. And there's plenty of eco-friendly clothing that is price-comparable to conventional clothing.

The money my family saves from energy conservation -- caulking, weather-stripping, energy-efficient light bulbs -- not only paid for the materials, but also paid for our cozy, warm organic-cotton flannel sheets. And the savings continue every year.

At the office, we switched to recycled paper and saved 20 percent. How? By thinking of the whole paper category. We reduced our paper use by also setting our printers and copiers on automatic two-sided. And when ordering printing jobs, we batched jobs and got economies of scale -- like printing all of our postcards for the year, rather than quarterly.

I think you see the pattern here. By going green in whole categories, rather than piece by piece, you can have a healthier, greener lifestyle -- and save money.

question The electric company in my area uses coal as the source of energy, but does offer green energy choices. Do you have any suggestions on what I should look for from a green energy supplier before making a choice to switch? Also, does one household consumer switching really make a difference?    -- Terry Garman, Alexandria, Va.

answer What you want to look for is how your electric company defines green energy. Is it renewable energy, like wind and solar? Or are they trying to sneak in controversial waste-to-energy schemes? Also, check to see if they are directly bringing new green power online (for example, building new wind farms or solar installations) or simply buying green tags in secondary markets.

You can also ask if they've been certified by Green-e. A certification can assure you that it really is clean, renewable energy that the power company is bringing online. If you are not satisfied, or your local electric company doesn't offer green power, you can turn to a company that offers carbon offsets.

And yes, it makes a huge difference! Thanks to people buying green power last year, over 2,500 megawatts of wind and solar were installed around the country. That's the equivalent of taking two large coal-fired power plants offline. So, you can see how doing your part adds up.

question How do you choose the companies and organizations that share their wares at your green festivals? Do you have a set of guidelines to ensure presenters are legit?    -- Name not provided

answer All of the businesses that exhibit at Green Festival must pass Co-op America's screens for social and environmental responsibility. (It's the same approval process we use for companies that qualify to be in our National Green Pages.) The process investigates each company's familiarity with and commitment to social and environmental responsibility, and the practices they've put in place to carry out that commitment.

In the screening process, our research team interviews company management, workers, customers, and suppliers -- in addition to seeking independent data to verify company information. Even after passing the screens, we continue to seek information from the public about approved companies. If you have a concern about a company, let us know.

Like people, no business is perfect, but we've found over the years that the key is identifying businesses that are truly committed and that can demonstrate that they walk their talk. Sustainability is truly a practice -- a journey, not a destination -- and we expect businesses (like all of us!) to continue to improve.

question How can wealthy folks be attracted to the idea of doing something really good with their money? What incentives are helpful?    -- Brian Helfrich, Crested Butte, Colo.

answer Everyone can be invited to think about what happens to a dollar when it leaves their hands. Too often, it does harm, supporting corporations that pollute, exploit workers, and harm communities. But it doesn't have to be that way -- we can each be intentional about how we spend and invest our money to help create a better world.

If you have the good fortune to have a job where you earn $20,000 a year or more, you will spend over a million dollars in your lifetime. So, in a sense, we are all millionaires, and can think about how to use our economic power -- the power of our pocketbook -- for good.

Of course, how you donate your money is important, so please continue to be as generous as possible to the causes you believe in. Yet the truth is that even the most generous among us will spend and invest more money over our lives than we will give away -- so make sure all that money is working for good.

question For the past couple years, I have worked in merchandising, and I am appalled at the volume of paper and cardboard wasted by many vendors. Are you having any success in dealing with this practice?    -- Nina Robart, Kalispell, Mont.

answer This year, Co-op America helped our allies at the Nonprofit Mailers Association convince the United States Postal Service not to adopt a proposal to put mail in blue plastic bags to deliver to homes and businesses every day. (Can you imagine the mounds of plastic packaging waste this would have caused?)

And thanks to consumer and investor campaigns that Co-op America helped organize, companies like Dell and Hewlett Packard have made major commitments to taking back their products, from computers to printers.

Co-op America's green-business screens include strict criteria on packaging. And I'm proud to say that our Green Festivals are near-zero-waste events. We ask exhibitors not to give out throwaways. All food is served in reusable, recyclable, or compostable containers. Plus, we get carbon offsets for all the energy the event uses -- including the energy expended by speakers, exhibitors, and the public traveling to the events.

question I'm curious about my building's green standings. I work in a high-rise in lower Manhattan and want to find out if my workplace has any efficiency to speak of and what I can do as an individual employee to better it.    -- Peter Jacobson, New York, N.Y.

answer The first stop would be to set up a meeting with building management to find out what they are doing. If you aren't satisfied with the steps they are taking, talk with them about the money-savings benefits of having a building energy-efficiency plan. Energy-efficient buildings are also more valued by tenants; the buildings are better maintained, with improved lighting and heating and cooling systems (no hot spots or freezing zones).

You might also consider setting up a "green team" -- a group of co-workers from your company and others, if the building has other tenants. The "green team" could work with management on developing and implementing an efficiency plan. You could turn to your local utility company -- many provide free energy audits and other services -- to help with these plans. There may be tax incentives, funding, or low-interest loans available to help get started. Check out the Department of Energy and the U.S. Green Building Council for helpful resources.

question What initiative or idea that you've worked on have you been most proud of?    -- Emily Dow, New Haven, Conn.

answer The work we do behind the scenes on the climate crisis. It's simple but powerful: In the corporate, investor, green-business, and economic-policy sectors we work in, we are demanding that the players respond on the scale that the climate crisis requires. Awareness, disclosure, and first steps are necessary, but not nearly sufficient. We push for answers that will meet the scale of the problem. Behind the scenes, I'm starting to see investor and corporate leaders stepping up in ways they never have before. I think you're going to see some amazing, game-changing announcements over the next few years from auto, utility, and oil companies.

question Co-op America has done great work with strengthening privately owned "green" businesses. Will your organization be engaging in any activism or entrepreneurial development surrounding worker-owned businesses and connecting that to sustainable development?    -- Joseph Malki, Asheville, N.C.

answer One of our key program areas is corporate accountability. Our corporate campaigns focus on key issues of sustainability -- from the climate crisis to sweatshops and child labor. You'll be glad to know that as part of this corporate accountability work, we deal with issues of ownership. Who owns corporations and who makes their decisions are key issues in gaining greater corporate responsibility. One way to get the workers at the table is through greater worker ownership or worker representation on the board. Of course, unions play a key role.

When workers and communities have significant ownership shares, they are gaining income and equity through their stock ownership, so workers have a source of income if they do suffer a job loss, and communities have a source of income for rebuilding if they suffer a plant or store closing. If you are interested in taking action with our corporate accountability campaigns, sign up to get regular campaign action alerts.

question I too think that using market incentives is a wonderful tool for making environmental change. However, I wonder if by supporting the current paradigm (a system that rewards growth and economic development, even if that economic activity results from environmental harm), we are prohibiting society from moving to a new economic paradigm that more accurately includes impacts on the environment.    -- Linus C., Decatur, Ga.

answer Wherever you come out on the best economic system design, the reality is that the one in place is going to be around for a while. In that context, it is crucial to get more socially and environmentally responsible practices in place as quickly as possible. This means moving on two sets of strategies simultaneously -- the "no" and the "yes."

On the "no" side, it means stopping the damage of business as usual -- demanding corporate accountability, especially in the form of disclosure and remedy. On the "yes" side, it means creating the new models, the new ways of doing business -- like the green and fair trade companies -- that use business to solve, not create, social and environmental problems.

It may be possible to shift to more sustainable, restorative economic system outcomes, even in the current context of a system dependent on growth, by shifting the market basket of goods and services. A thriving economic system providing good jobs and quality of life for everyone could be dependent on growth of "goods" like education, health care (rather than illness care), locally grown organic food, and clean, renewable, decentralized solar energy instead of the current mix. Then, growth could be nurturing and restorative rather than destructive and suicidal.

Ironically, we may need to harness some of the power of the current system to solve its problems. For example, in the race to get renewable-energy technologies and zero-emission vehicles to scale in time to curb the worst of the coming climate crisis, we may need the power the current system has to distribute technology. Think about getting solar cells everywhere in the world as fast as cell phones in the last 10 years.

question I have been thinking about giving local green businesses some incentive to expand their efforts by hosting an awards show and benefit. Do you have any ideas on how to get started?    -- Bob Du Puy, Gridley, Calif.

answer What a great idea! There is nothing better than noticing when a company is doing a good job, to create a virtuous cycle -- that company will continue to do it, others will follow their lead, and others will try even harder to win the award the next year.

To get started, you might want to collect a few case studies on how other groups do their awards. Think about your audience: Who do you want to influence and what will make a splash in your local community? Will you want to have a gala event (green, of course!) to honor the award winners? You could get a local news station to sponsor it and give the award on air. Put together a prestigious panel of judges, a committee that will put on the awards ceremony, and another group that will work on getting the award lots of visibility.

You might want to get all the businesses in your community to make nominations (that'll get them thinking about what they could do to qualify), or maybe you want it to be a "people's choice" award where people in the community make the nominations -- and possibly are the ones who vote! And after the award winner is chosen, make sure to get lots of visibility for the company, including media and speaking engagements throughout the community, to maximize the educational value of the award and get more businesses competing for it next year.

question What are some resources that you would recommend for someone looking to start a "green business," to help in building a business plan and evaluating markets?    -- Chris Rizzuto, Altamont, N.Y.

answer I'm so glad you are thinking about starting a green business! Once you get started, join Co-op America's Business Network and attend one of our Green Business Conferences, like the one coming up this November in San Francisco.

A great book to check out is Getting to Scale: Growing Your Business without Selling Out, by Jill Bamburg. It provides lots of case studies on how many of today's leading green businesses got started. You'll see how different businesses tackled the questions of business planning and market evaluation.

Green business coach Ann Alexander hosts bi-weekly interviews with green business leaders that you might find helpful. And GreenBiz also has a variety of resources for green businesses.

question I want to turn the rural general store in my community into a co-op and keep it as a community landmark, but no one in town has enough money to purchase the place. How can I go about acquiring the store and converting it into an environmentally and economically sustainable business?    -- Chris Freimuth, Northfield, Conn.

answer What a worthy goal! You could create a community co-op with broad membership across the community and affordable membership rates to help raise some or all of the money you need. Members might also be willing and able to contribute sweat equity, too -- old-fashioned New England barn-raising style -- to make whatever repairs might be needed, as well as run the store.

And you are really fortunate because you live in Connecticut, the home of the Cooperative Fund of New England. Contact them about both technical assistance and loans.

question Your website has a lot of good resources for consumers and investors and already-established co-ops. Where can I find good information for starting up a co-op business?    -- K. Fisher, Cleveland, Ohio

answer We recommend checking out the National Cooperative Business Association (here in D.C.); the NCB Development Corporation, the arm of the National Cooperative Bank that helps small cooperatives get going with both technical assistance and loans; Cooperative Development Foundation; and ICA, which provides technical assistance and information for cooperatives.

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