How to Talk to a Climate Skeptic: Responses to the most common skeptical arguments on global warming A Grist Special Series

‘We are just recovering from the LIA’—Why should we expect this to happen? 4

(Part of the How to Talk to a Global Warming Skeptic guide)

Objection: Today's warming is just a recovery from the Little Ice Age.

Answer: This argument relies on an implicit assumption that there is a particular climatic baseline to which the earth inexorably returns -- and thus that a period of globally lower temperatures will inevitably be followed by a rise in temperatures. What is the scientific basis for that assumption?

There is no evidence of such a baseline. The climate is influenced by many factors, which change or remain stable in their own ways. The current understanding of the Little Ice Age is that it was likely the result of a decrease in solar irradiance combined with an increase in volcanic activity, blocking additional sunlight. The LIA was also not particularly well synchronized globally, affecting different regions at different times. Scientists are aware of no century-scale pattern in solar output or volcanic activity, so there's no reason to expect a reversal of those changes. As it happens, solar output did increase somewhat in the early 20th century, which did contribute to warming at that time. However, that's not behind current warming.

Another problem with appealing to a natural recovery from the LIA is that temperature has now risen to levels higher than the assumed baseline climate. So even if some recovery were to be expected, why have we now exceeded it? This argument has problems similar to the more general "it is part of a natural cycle" argument.

Former musician, turned tree planter, turned software engineer. Same old story

I have been blogging about climate change since 2006 at A Few Things Ill Considered.

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  1. Ivriniel Posted 9:22 pm
    26 Feb 2007

    A Question

    You say:

    Another problem with appealing to a natural recovery from the LIA is that temperature has now risen to levels higher than the assumed baseline climate. So even if some recovery were to be expected, why have we now exceeded it?

    A climate skeptic might reply that it's like a pendulum swing.  After the drastic downward tip of the Little Ice Age, the climate is now overcorrecting,  How would you respond to that?

    Thanks,

    Ivriniel

  2. Coby Beck's avatar

    Coby Beck Posted 2:46 am
    01 Mar 2007

    back to point one

    Hi Ivriniel,

    Sorry for the late reply.  I think I would just go back to the initial argument, there is just no evidence that the climate behaves like a pendulum.

    A true sceptic does not abandon a comprehensive and well supported theory like those in modern climate science in favor of idle speculations.

    "The problem with people who have no vices is that they tend to have some pretty annoying virtues." -- [paraphrased] Elizabeth Taylor

  3. Crammer10 Posted 1:04 am
    21 Aug 2007

    I am a skeptic

    Because skeptics are people who question accepted beliefs.  I do believe in global warming, but I also like to be well informed.  Saying a statement like "there is just no evidence that the climate behaves like a pendulum" is simply ridiculous.  Have you ever looked at a graph of temperature over a long period of time... see how it goes back and forth.

    Oh... thats what a pendulum does.

    I don't really know either way. But neither do you.  The science behind the matter is too complex for people to compute in any reasonable amount of time so people saying the science defends their theory is like the claims of people with tremendous scientific, mathmatic or technological breakthroughs that other people just don't understand.  
    Like the proof of Fermat's last theorem (I believe it was 100 pages of dense complex mathematics).  It was accepted, peer reviewed, and still accepted, and then later oops... no it wasn't right, but there is a correction paper that took over a year to write.  Which everybody now trusts.  There are numerous examples I could site of researches scientists and the like making claims that they truly believe in, which have later been revealed to be spurious.  

    I say don't support what you don't truly understand.  You self admittedly do not have a firm grasp on the concepts (or at least the math) behind most of the claims.  

    Which is why I argue against both sides on the issue and say we need to have better data before we "know" anything.  Because that is the only fact in the entire issue of global warming that is universally agreed upon.  

  4. Jaydee Posted 10:28 pm
    22 Nov 2007

    OT Fermat Proof

    The Fermat proof was not peer reviewed prior to publication, it was only privately discussed with a collegue. The error was found during peer review.  

    As to the pendulum point, looking at temperature over the last 420,000 years, although there is a large scale pattern, the intervening times are far from regular. If this is a pendulum, why do temperatures fall when they should be rising more or less smoothly?

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Series Intro
'There is no evidence' -- Yes, there is 59
'Mauna Loa is a volcano' -- CO2 rise is measured on top of a volcano! 8
'Warming is due to the Urban Heat Island effect' -- No, it isn't 25
'One hundred years is not enough'--Yes it is 18
'The scientists aren't even sure' -- No scientist ever is 33
'One record year is not global warming'--Luckily, there are plenty more years to consider 19
'Glaciers have always grown and receded'--A few glaciers melting does not mean global warming 14
'The temperature record is unreliable'--But temperature trends are clear and widely corroborated 8
'It's cold today in Wagga Wagga'--Weather and climate are different 2
'The satellites show cooling'--No, they don't 15
'What about mid-century cooling?'--No one said CO2 is the only climate influence 11
'Antarctic ice is growing'--Well, probably not, but even if it were, we are not off the hook 8
'Global warming stopped in 1998'--Only if you flagrantly cherry pick 170
'But the glaciers are not melting'--Except ... they are! 3
'Antarctic sea ice is increasing'--Yes, but ... 14
'Sea level in the Arctic is falling'--Sea level is a surprisingly complicated thing 11
'Climate sensitivity is not very high'--Thermal inertia of the oceans means the jury is still out 2
'Some sites show cooling'--But you can't draw global conclusions from individual sites 0
'Global warming is a hoax'--I wish James Inhofe were just a hoax ... 12
'There is no consensus'--If this is not consensus, what would consensus look like? 109
'Position statements hide debate'--True enough, but that is not the whole picture 5
'Consensus is collusion'--Is climate science maturing, or should we reach for our tinfoil hats? 8
'Peiser refuted Oreskes'--In a poor piece of work that has been retracted by its author 4
'Models don't account for clouds'--Clouds are complex and uncertain, but unlikely to stop warming 6
'Climate models are unproven'--Actually, GCM's have many confirmed successes under their belts 13
'Aerosols should mean more warming in the south'--More North. Hemisphere warming is well-understood 1
'We can't even predict the weather next week'--But weather is not climate 11
'Chaotic systems are not predictable'--Sure, but who says climate is chaotic? 13
Understanding what is happening right under our noses does not require paleoclimate perfection 1
'They predicted global cooling in the 70s'--But that didn't even remotely resemble today's consensus 29
'Hansen has been wrong before'--Maybe, but not about the climate! 13
'It was warmer during the Holocene Climatic Optimum'--This period was not global and not like today 4
'The Medieval Warm Period was just as warm as today'--Repeating this point does not make it true 216
'Greenland used to be green'--Don't judge a book by its cover, much less a land by its name 23
Yes, the last ice age started thawing over 20,000 years ago, but that stopped a long time ago 5
'The hockey stick is broken'--Well, no ... but who's playing hockey anyway? 6
'Vineland was full of grapes'--Or was it an early advertising campaign? 4
'Global warming is part of a natural cycle'--This idea is one short step above appealing to magic 39
'Mars and Pluto are warming too'--No they aren't -- and what if they were? 24
'Volcanoes emit more CO2 than humans'--Not even close ... 31
'The null hypothesis says warming is natural'--An inappropriate test, and one that would fail anyway 4
'Climate is always changing'--That doesn't mean it isn't different today 5
'Natural emissions dwarf human emissions'--But emissions are only one side of the equation 5
'The CO2 rise is natural'--No skeptical argument has been more definitively disproven 12
'We are just recovering from the LIA'--Why should we expect this to happen? 4
'Climate scientists dodge the subject of water vapor'--No, they really don't 4
Water vapor is indeed a powerful greenhouse gas, but there is plenty of room for CO2 to play a role 29
There is no proof in science, but there are mountains of evidence 78
'CO2 doesn't lead, it lags'--Turns out CO2 rise is both a cause and an effect of warming 43
'Geological history does not support CO2's importance'--Just not true 0
'Historically, CO2 never caused temperature change'--Not so 19
'It's the sun, stupid'--Very bright, yes, but not getting brighter 18
The problem is not how high the temperature may go, but how fast it is changing 14
'Kyoto is a big effort for almost nothing'--Kyoto is only in its first phase 16
China and India have joined Kyoto, they just have different obligations, as is morally appropriate 3
'Climate change mitigation would lead to disaster'--Not really, but this may be lesser of two evils 6
Only if you ignore fossil fuel emissions 10
In 2008, did temperatures drop as much as they rose over the whole 20th century? 71
Is the IPCC so wrong their theories contradict a basic laws of physics? 23
Is the American Physical Society a crack in the climate change consensus? 3
Summer ice in the Arctic has recovered--Was the Arctic ice retreat a climate anomaly? 7
'Global warming comes from within'--Is heat at the Earth's core the real cause of global warming? 10
Was there another breathless announcement of another phony record, and another quiet retraction? 1
Hansen wants the skeptics thrown in jail--Did James Hansen really want to try the climate skeptics? 6
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