Superweeds: ready for Roundup

In Arkansas, a new GMO/herbicide solution to a problem created by an old one 4

I've written a couple of times about the rise "superweeds" in the Southeast and mid-South.

In Arkansas, horseweed and Palmer amaranth now choke fields planted with Monsanto's Roundup Ready cotton and soy -- engineered to withstand heavy doses of Roundup, Monsanto's broad-spectrum herbicide. Fifteen years ago, horseweed and amaranth weren't problem weeds.

Back in March, Arkansas Agricultural Extension Service officials were pushing farmers to supplement their Roundup applications with doses of Reflex, a broad-spectrum herbicide made by Monsanto's rival, Syngenta.

Now the agribiz-friendly extension service is hotly promoting the wares of another Monsanto rival, Bayer Crop Sciences, Delta Farm Press reports. Bayer's Liberty Link soybeans, designed to withstand doses of Bayer's broad-spectrum herbicide Ignite, will be available next year.

The active ingredient in Ignite is glufosinate ammonium -- evidently pretty nasty stuff. Here is the International Pesticide Action Network:

At sub-lethal doses, glufosinate can have significant, but not so easily observable impacts. For example, a recent study found that low doses of glufosinate affected central nervous system development in young rats ... The results suggested that exposure to even low doses of glufosinate in the infantile period in rats causes changes in the kainic acid receptor in the brain.

According to PAN, the EPA classifies glufosinate ammonium as "persistent" and "mobile" -- meaning it sticks around and moves easily through soil and water.

Then there's this:

In one study, residues of glufosinate were found in spinach, radishes, wheat and carrots planted 120 days after glufosinate had been applied. In sandy soils, which overlie many aquifers, glufosinate has been found to be highly persistent due to lack of biodegradation. Its transport through the soil was also determined to be "essentially unretarded." Glufosinate's metabolite, MPPA-3, has been found to be more persistent and more mobile than glufosinate [itself].

It's hard to see what good can come of this GMO/pesticide treadmill -- unless, that is, you own shares in one of the very few companies that dominate the GMO/agrichemical market.

Grist food editor Tom Philpott farms and cooks at Maverick Farms, a sustainable-agriculture nonprofit and small farm in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Follow my Twitter feed; contact me at tphilpott[at]grist[dot]org.

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  1. EdieFrederick Posted 8:43 am
    14 Aug 2008

    Excellent disclosure points ...Tom, your excerpt from the Pesticide Action Network cites evidence for what I think is #1 of many motives for organic food production, and that is -- so far industrial agriculture cannot deliver human & animal food that is untainted by harmful chemicals. And that includes all the corporations in the new Alliance for Abundant Food and Energy.
    From your POV, have you ever seen a substantive study linking residual industrial ag chemicals in food with human & animal disease -- over time?
    And as for Monsanto and Syngenta as rivals, I would like to see a study of their boards, investors, holdings and subsidiaries. They certainly work shoulder-to-shoulder to counter resistance to industrial ag methods and profit- taking -- and to spin-counter the benefits of sustainable organic food production methods.
    A lot of ordinary people support Monsanto by default -- the largest investor in Monsanto is FMR LLC, a consortium of 300+ mutual funds that has made billionaires of its founders & fund managers, the Johnson family of Boston.
  2. amazingdrx Posted 2:25 pm
    14 Aug 2008

    Human testing?Are compounds like this tested on people in very poor states or nations, maybe at the plant, without any worker safety concerns,  where it is produced?
    I'm thinking maybe statistics are available from the chemical plants already, to prove the risk to people living and working where they are applied, and/or eating the poisoned food products.
    These health records must be held in secret by the companies, but wouldn't workers have access to their own health records?  It might be a way to prove the dangerous nature of GMO agribizz.

    http://amazngdrx.blogharbor.com/blog John Schneider, Northern Wisconsin
  3. archigeek Posted 3:01 am
    15 Aug 2008

    Funny...It doesn't seem that any of the biologists who were involved in the development of these seeds and chemicals had any knowledge of evolutionary theory. Weeds adapt? P-shaw! Our products are evolution-proof! Wow, THAT would be a hell of a marketing come on! "New RoundupIII, it's Evolution-Proof! Guaranteed, or your ecosystem back!"*    *"Well, not really."

    The mellotron is your friend.
  4. Wolverine Posted 5:07 am
    15 Aug 2008

    Evolution-Proof GMOsGreat idea Archigeek, very funny.  If humans were ever able to accurately predict evolution, we'd be way beyond physical bodies by that point in our evolution and would certainly be wise enough to refrain from genetically engineering plants or animals.

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